David nicholson



UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE DAVID NICHOLSON, OE LooKPoRT, NEW Youn, AssIeNoR To HIMSELE AND CHARLES R. FOX, OF SAME PLAGEi METHOD 0E FEEDING THE BOLT To THE KNIFE IN sHINGLE-MACHINES.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 27,192, dated February 14, 1860.

To all 'whom 'it may concern: y y

Be it known that I, DAVID NICHOLSON, of Lockport, in the county of Niagara and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Machine for Sawing Shingles, Headings for Casks, and Like Articles; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and eXact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, lmaking a part of this specification, in which- Figures 1 and 2, are side elevations of my invention,` one side view heilig opposite to that of the other. In both views the lower part of the framing is bisected. Fig. 3, is a horizontal section of ditto, taken in the line ai, Fig. 1. Fig. fi, is a detached sec; tional view of a portion of the friction device connected with the feed mechanism. Fig. 5, is a detached face view of the slides connected with the bolt-adjusting mechan-` ism, the machine beingfbisected as indicated by the line a, e, Fig.` 1, and the eye looking in the direction indicated by the arrow.v Fig. 6, is a detached face View of one of the slides which `actuate the racks connected with the dog bar.y Fig. 7, is a horizontal section of ditto, taken in the line ze', Fig.

6. Fig, 8, is a vertical section of ditto, taken in the line y, y@ Fig. 6.

Similar' letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the Several figures. j

The object of this invention is to obtain a machine by which shingles may be sawed from the bolt in proper taper-forni, and the taper varie as may be required, the 1na-` chine also admitting of stuff being Sawed with parallel sides, such as is used for the heading of casks, and other, or similar, purposes.

Tol enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention I will proceed to describe it.

A, represents a rectangular frame formed of longitudinal bars a, connected by trav-` erse bars o. ATwo of the barsa, a, have ways B, on which the bolt C, shownl in red o u-tline, is secured. To each sidey of the frame A, an upright bar D, is attached, the upperr ends of which are curved or bent in a horizontal position and sustain the bearings d, of a horizontal shaft E, on one 'end of which a circular saw F, is secured. On the shaft E, there is a cone of pulleys c, around which a belt f, passes,- said belt also passing around a cone of pulleys g, on a shaft Gr, placed transversely in the frame A. In the frame A, there are' two shafts, one H, besides the one G, just referred to.- Ihe two shafts G, I-I, are parallel with each other and they are connected at one end by gear wheels L, On each shaft G, H, a conical head I, is secured, said heads fitting in sockets J, which are placed loosely on the shafts, see Fig. 4L. Each socket J, has a pinion 7l, secured to its Outer side and concentrically with it. K, is a lever which is secured to the frame A, by a fulcrum pin j. This lever is connected by pins c, with the heads I, I, and by actuating this lever either head I, Inay be forced into its socket J, so as to cause the saine to rotate' with its shaft G, or I-I.` The fulcrum pin y', it will be seen by referring' to Fig. 3, is between the two shafts G, I-I, and consequently when one socket J, is connected with its shaft the other is detached from its shaft, for when one head is forced into its socket the other is moved out from its socket. The lever K, has a yvertical pin Z, attached to it--the use of which will be presently shown.

To one end of the frame A, a vertical bar L, is attached. In the inner side of this bar' two slides M, N, are placed. These slides are connected by links m, m, toy a lever O, the fulcruni of which is midway between the two links, see more particularly Fig. 5.

f Each slide M, N, has a vertical slot n, made through it and similiar slots 0, 0, aremade through the bar L, the slots o, being directly in front of the slides M, N, so that the slots in the bar and those in the slides may regis- ,ter or coincide' with each other by an adjustment of the slides. The lower slide N, is connected to a lever O, the fulcruni of which is at ya, and the inner end of the lever 0has a diamond-shaped projection g, attached, the use of which will be presently explained. c, on their upper'surfaces for a carriage ,I

The carriage B, is provided with rollers o",

which work on the ways c, c, and to the under side of the carri-age a longitudinal rack I), is secured, which rack gears into the (pinions i, z', of the sockets J, J ,i on the shafts (i, I-I. To the bottoni of the carriage B, `there is also attached a projection 3 having two oblique sides which act against the pin Z, of the lever K, as will be hereinafter more particularly described. On the carriage B, two'traverse bars t, t, are placed, one above the other in an inclined plane, as shown clearly in Fig. 2. The bars t, t, form guides for a bar Q, which is fitted on them at right angles and allowed to slide freely thereon. To the bar Q, the dogs u, fa, are attached and between which the bolt C, is secured.

To each end of the dog bar Q, a double rack R, is secured. These racks may be termed double as each is formed of two longitudinal parts o, w, connected by a dovetail joint a', and allowed to slide freely one over the other. The parts o, w, are adjusted by a screw Zi, as shown clearly in Fig. 8. The teeth of the two parts fu, fw, of the racks have their front parts beveled at one side as shown clearly in Fig. 7, and the teeth of one part lv, are placed in a reverse position to those of the other, as shown clearly in Fig. 7, the teeth of the lower part w, of the rack being shown by dotted lines. The racks R, R, pass transversely through horizontal slides S, T. These slides are fitted in proper guides c', attached to the inner side of the carriage B, and each side is provided with two projecting bars eZ', e', which work between the teeth of the parts fu, fw, of the rack and actuate them. This will be fully understood by referring to Figs. 7 and 8. The lower side T, is connected to a vertical shaft s', which has a crank g', 'at' its lower end, and the two slides S, T, are connected by a lever U.

The operation is as follows: The bolt C, is secured between the dogs a, u, and as the dog bar Q, has an inclined position the bolt C, will also have an inclined position relatively with the saw F, as shown clearly in Figs. 1 and 2. The carriage B, has its rollers c", litted on the ways c, c, and the two parts o, w, of each rack R, are adjusted so that the teeth of the two parts will be a proper distance apart one with the other, corresponding to the thickness of the butts and points of the shingles. Motion is given the shaft E, by any convenient power and the carriage B, and consequently the bolt is fed toward the saw, the head I, of the shaft H, being forced into the socket J, of said shaft. When the bolt is fed toward the saw for the purpose of sawing shingles it has an oblique position given it in order that the shingles may be sawed in taper form and this oblique position is given the bolt in consequence of the slides S, T, actuating the racks R, R. -After the saw F, has completed its cut, the rojection s, on the carria e strikes a pin Z of lever K, land actuates said lever so that the head I, of shaft G, will be 'force-d in fitssocketf ahd fthe y'headl off-shaft'H, v"tvithdr'a'svvn*or lloos'enedin -itsasoeketz l This movement of lever K, therefore reverses the movement of the carriage and the latter is gigged back. As the latter reaches the terminat-ion of its backward movement, the lower slide T, will strike the lower slide N,in the bar L, that is to say, provided the upper slide S, was brought in contact with the upper slide M, in the bar L, at the previous backward movement of the carriage when the slide T, strikes the slide N, the end of the upper slide S, will pass through the slots n, o, in the slide M, and bar L, as said slots are then in register, or, coincide with each other, and when the upper slide S, strikes the slide M, the end of the lower slide T, will pass through the'slots n., 0, in the slide N, and bar L, as the latter slots will then be in register. Thus it will be seen that the two racks R, R, are alternately actuated and the position of the slotted slides M, N, are changed each time the carriage B, moves forward, in consequence of the crank K, g', striking the projection ,of lever O. The bars cZ, e, of the sli es S, T, as before stated, pass between the teeth of the parts fv, w, of the racks toactuate them, and when the uppermost rack is actuated to give the taper for the butt of the shingle, the lowermost one is actuated to form the point, and vice versa. In case heading for barrels are to be sawed, the two parts c, fw, of each rack are adjusted with their teeth in line with each other, or the teeth of one art o, are made to coincide with those of t e other so that each rack will be moved an equal distance corresponding to the spaces between the teeth and the stuff sawed of a corresponding thickness. When the carria e nearly reaches the termination of its bac ward movement the projection s, strikes the pin Z, of lever K, and thereby reverses the movement of the carriage so that it will again move forward toward the saw. It will be seen therefore that by the peculiar construction of the racks the stuff may be sawed in taper form as for shingles or sawed in pieces of equal thickness for heading for casks and like purposes. It will also be seen that the machine is rendered automatic in its action throu hout. By having the bolt C, inclined relatively with the saw as shown, a smooth clean cut is insured and the saw not liable to be deected from its proper cutting plane.

In consequence of the traverse bars t, t, being placed on the carriage B, in an inclined plane as shown in Fig. 2, and previously referred to, the bar Q, which is fitted thereon will consequently. be inclined and also the bolt C. This vinclined position'of the bolt, shown in Figs. 1 and 2, causes ,the saw to act upon it in a 4direction obliquely with its `fiber, or grainwhich, it will be understood ru-ns .longitudinally with the bolt. 2 5If =th`e bolt 2 werei presented-f Iendwise Ilto l the saw as usual, the bolt in this case being in a horizontal position,. the saw would have a tendency to follow the grain of the wood and be deflected from its proper cutting plane, precisely the same as a knife in riving shingles from a bolt will follow the grain of the wood. When however the saw acts upon the bolt in a direction obliquely with its fiber as is the case when the bolt is presented to the saw in an inclined position, this tendency is avoided and the saw instead of following the grain of the wood will cut it, in fact the shingle or slab will be sawed from the bolt without any splitting or riving action. Another advantage attending the presenting of the bolt to the saw in an inclined position, is, that the saw will not have a tendency to run 0H' from the body or Inain portion of the bolt a contingency which fre! quently occurs in the sawing oi thin stuii, owing to the slight resistance which a thin slab offers to an outward lateral movement of the saw.

Having thus describediny invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. Constructing the racks R, R, of two Gro. R. KEEP, I. H. STAATZ. 

